Germany’s partial suspension of arms exports to Israel has been interpreted as a significant political signal, according to conflict and peace researcher Thorsten Bonacker of Marburg University. “I consider the German government’s step remarkable, as until now it has largely been limited to moderate criticism” Bonacker told the news portal Watson on Friday. “Given that Germany is Israel’s second-largest arms exporter, this is a decision of symbolic importance.
Bonacker noted that the simultaneous reaffirmation by Chancellor Friedrich Merz of Israel’s right to defend itself against Hamas terrorism indicates a continued fundamental support for Israel. He also views the move as a preemptive measure, potentially addressing criticisms that Germany is distancing itself from Israel and aligning with those advocating for Palestinian statehood and increased pressure on the Israeli government.
Israeli historian Moshe Zimmermann welcomed the decision, stating to the Redaktionsnetzwerk Deutschland that it was “long overdue”. He emphasized the necessity of signaling dissatisfaction with Israeli policy sooner, but acknowledged that “better late than never”. Zimmermann anticipates minimal practical impact, as Israel’s military primarily relies on domestic and US-produced arms. “The Israeli government is also politically stubborn” he added, while still asserting that the move represents a valuable symbolic gesture.
Historian Michael Wolffsohn, however, criticised the halt in German arms deliveries. Speaking to the Tagesspiegel, Wolffsohn argued the government was failing to meet its own stated objectives. “The goal should be a coherent foreign policy strategy” Wolffsohn stated. “According to Chancellor Merz, the priorities are the release of hostages and the disarmament of Hamas. Anyone wanting that needs to supply Israel with weapons”. He further contended that Germany, in turn, requires drones, missile defense systems, support in combating Islamist terrorism and IT expertise from Israel.
Wolffsohn suggested Germany overestimated its own importance. “When it comes to arms deliveries, it all depends on the USA and they are delivering” he concluded.
