Germany’s domestic power production and net supply in 2025 amounted to 438.2 billion kilowatt‑hours, a rise of 1.4 % compared with 2024. Renewable sources generated 256.9 billion kWh, virtually unchanged from the previous year (‑0.1 %) and accounting for 58.6 % of all electricity fed into the grid-slightly lower than the 59.5 % share in 2024.
Conventional generation increased by 3.6 %, reaching 181.3 billion kWh and making up 41.4 % of the supply (up from 40.5 % in 2024). Wind power fell 3.6 % to 131.3 billion kWh; its share dropped from 31.5 % in 2024 to 30.0 % in 2025, but it remained the largest single source of domestic electricity. Solar photovoltaics, by contrast, climbed 17.4 % to 70.1 billion kWh, representing 16.0 % of total production-new highs for both quantity and share since data collection began in 2018. Hydropower dropped sharply by 22.5 % to 15.8 billion kWh, or 3.6 % of the overall supply.
Coal output declined marginally: 96.8 billion kWh, a 0.5 % drop, representing 22.1 % of domestic generation (down from 22.5 % in 2024). Natural‑gas generation rose 10.2 % to 70.6 billion kWh, making up 16.1 % of the total. Like solar, gas now supplies the largest quantity and share recorded since 2018. The gas share had fallen to 11.5 % in 2022 due to the Russian‑Ukraine conflict and gas‑market tensions, then climbed to 13.7 % in 2023 and 14.8 % in 2024 before peaking in 2025.
Imports fell 2.6 % to 79.6 billion kWh (from 81.7 in 2024), whereas exports grew 8.7 % to 60.2 billion kWh (vs. 55.4 in 2024). Germany still imported more than it exported, but the import surplus shrank by 26.2 % from 26.3 billion kWh in 2024 to 19.4 billion kWh in 2025.
Over the long term, a clear shift from conventional to renewable sources is evident. By 2022 conventional fuels still dominated; since 2023 renewable generation exceeded conventional output, and almost every month in 2025 saw more renewable than conventional electricity fed into the grid. In 2018-when the series began-renewable generation was 207.5 billion kWh, 24 % below the 256.9 billion kWh seen in 2025, while conventional output fell from 355.8 billion kWh to 175.0 billion kWh in 2024, only to rebound modestly to 181.3 billion kWh in 2025.
Total domestic production in 2018 was 566.8 billion kWh; by 2025 it had dropped to 438.2 billion kWh, a reduction of 22.7 %. Until 2022 Germany exported more electricity than it imported, creating a surplus; that pattern reversed in 2023, and since then imports have exceeded exports.
The net amount of electricity available to and demanded by consumers in the German grid-calculated as domestic supply plus imports minus exports-was 457.6 billion kWh in 2025, an 11.7 % decline from 518.0 billion kWh in 2018.
