Discrimination appears widespread in Germany. According to the federal anti‑discrimination office’s report released on Tuesday, data from the main survey of the Socio‑Economic Panel (SOEP) show that more than 13 percent of people in Germany have experienced discrimination in the last twelve months. This equates to roughly nine million adults.
The findings reveal stark differences across groups. People with a migration background report discrimination much more often than those without such a background. Muslims and those who feel the effects of racial labeling are particularly affected. Women, transgender, inter‑sex and non‑binary individuals, as well as people with disabilities or chronic illnesses, also experience higher rates of discrimination.
The study also documents the consequences: those affected report poorer health, lower life satisfaction, psychological distress, and a declining trust in the state. Despite these negative outcomes, 56 percent of those affected say they see no reason to take active steps against the discrimination they face. This points to a lack of confidence in the legal protections against discrimination.
Discrimination is reported across almost every facet of life. It is most frequent in public spaces, when accessing goods and services, in the workplace, in health and care settings, in schools, during interactions with authorities and police, and during the search for housing. Crucially, many incidents occur in areas where the General Equal Treatment Act (AGG) offers little or no protection-such as on the street or during contact with the state. Nearly one in five people report disadvantages caused by offices, authorities or the police. Those with low income, without German citizenship, or who are caregivers for relatives or children are especially at risk.
Ferda Ataman, the anti‑discrimination commissioner, urges swift implementation of the AGG reform announced in the coalition agreement. She also stresses the need for greater support for those facing discrimination so that they can actually challenge it. “Many people keep discrimination to themselves-often because there is insufficient advice, they are unaware of the legal situation, and the law makes it hard for people to defend themselves. We need more support, education and awareness. It is high time the people of Germany were better protected from discrimination”.
